That is not a valid record ID. Does you webhook response contain an Airtable record ID, or are you trying to search for an Airtable record that has 60d1bc5... as a value for a particular field?
You are correct. First you must find the matching record. This could be accomplish with a Find records action step that searches for the particular value. From there you can pass the found ID to your Update record step. (Note: you will receive an error if 0 or more than 1 matching records are found)
Airtable record Ids are not shown by default (you can add a formula field with RECORD_ID() to display it). While the “name” of a record, the value for its primary field, can change over time, the record ID is constant and never changes.