Welcome to the community, @Pat_Connor! The logic that you outlined is solid, but you then wrote, “I cant seem to do that,” and didn’t give an example of what you’ve tried so far.
Here’s how you can turn the logic that you wrote into a formula. To count all of the As, use this:
{Field 1} = 1 will return a 1 or 0: 1 if {Field 1} contains a 1, and 0 if it doesn’t. Same for all of the other field comparisons. The SUM() function then adds all of those ones and zeroes to give you the total number of fields where A was the selected option. Duplicate this field three more times and change the comparison numbers to create fields that effectively count the Bs, Cs, and Ds.