Hm if this is just about viewing it, then you could try using a List view. This would need you to have a "Sprints" table though, which should be easy enough to do
If you specifically need it as a record so that you can key in data specific to that issue during that sprint, then you'll need to create a junction table of some sort where you end up with the following:
And you could create an automation with the repeating groups functionality that would help you with this
