Hello !

do you have something like a requested date field in airtable ? 

you could compare this requested date to TODAY() in a formula field, and If the result is negative, bring the output to ''Missed'' as a single select field

Does that help ?

I assume you need to trigger an automation once that record is missed?  If so, besides the formula option @oVo_Team  mentioned you could also try using a view and filter in any records where that date has passed and trigger the automation when the record enters the view

I agree with @TheTimeSavingCo 's solution. This will also allow you to add more filters to define what is "missed". I assume it is not just that the date has passed, but also that some other field hasn't been updated.