I have tried to contact AirTable support, but can get no response from them so I will post this here.
Airtable has a very nasty bug if you change a text field containing a large numeric value to a number (integer) field, it changes the data values. The attached video shows two fields, the left one is a TEXT field, the right field is just a copy of the left for reference.
In the video you will see me change the type of the left field from TEXT to NUMERIC (integer) - See that this changes every value in the field with no warning at all. I am guessing that it only does this on large numbers, I have not tested further.