Asking for different types of a form validation is a long-term story here. You can search and read such threads for last years. Some contain suggestions about third-party form services.
I just can suggest a kind of workaround using conditional fields. You can create single-select field with no options available, make it required and conditional and put warning ("end date must be the same or later than start date") to it's description. Thus, user cannot fill it and therefore cannot submit the form until they enter correct dates.
As mentioned above, you would need to turn to external form apps for this sort of form validation.
Some of the best ones for use with Airtable are:
1. Fillout, which natively communicates with Airtable in real time, and gives tons of advanced features that are all Airtable-specific.
2. JotForm is possibly the most feature-rich form software on the Internet, and you can send data from JotForm to Airtable using Make’s JotForm integrations.
3. Cognito Forms is another great form app, and you can send data from Cognito Forms to Airtable using Make’s Cognito Forms integrations.